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Finance History | State Street — Union Bank at State and Exchange, Then the Custodian
· 1792-6
Unreviewed contributionBy kevin · · Report an issue
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Finance History | State Street — Union Bank at State and Exchange, Then the Custodian
kevin
People treat State Street as a Congress Street tower that always held other people's funds.
The first charter was a maritime bank on the street that named the company.
On 25 June 1792 Massachusetts Governor John Hancock signed the charter of Union Bank.
It was the third bank chartered in Boston.
The office sat at the corner of State and Exchange Streets, on the stretch Boston called the Great Street to the Sea.
Moses Gill, then lieutenant governor, served as the first president.
In 1865 Union Bank took a national charter and became the National Union Bank of Boston.
A separate house, State Street Deposit and Trust Company, opened in July 1891.
It shortened the name to State Street Trust Company in 1897.
The two Boston lineages later folded into one listed parent that kept the street's name.
In 1924 the bank was appointed custodian of Massachusetts Investors Trust, the first open-end mutual fund in the United States.
Custody, not a trading book, became the mechanism that scaled.
State Street Global Advisors later launched SPDR S and P 500, ticker SPY, the first United States-listed exchange-traded fund.
The company does not run proprietary trading books.
Headquarters moved through Franklin Street and Lincoln Street and, in 2023, to One Congress Street.
The founding pin remains the waterfront end of State Street, where a three-bank town put another set of ledgers on the corner.
Photo: State Street, Boston, via Wikimedia Commons.
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